新型生物制剂有望治愈急性白血病
来源:Cell 时间:2018/09/12

 

 

急性髓细胞白血病(acute myeloid leukemiaAML)是最具侵袭性的癌症之一。虽然其他癌症已经从各种新疗法中受益,但是,对大多数白血病患者来说,过去40多年都未曾有过令人鼓舞的好消息。如今, 824日发表的一篇《Cell》文章终于打破了僵局。

耶路撒冷希伯来大学医学院的Yinon Ben-Neriah教授团队研制出了一种新型生物制剂,这种药物在急性白血病小鼠中的治愈率高达50%

据知,白血病可以生产多种(高量表达)蛋白质,为白血病细胞提供快速生长和逃避化疗死亡威胁的保护力。

迄今为止,大多数用于白血病治疗的生物抗癌药物仅针对个别白血病细胞蛋白,在靶向治疗的过程中,白血病细胞很快就会通过激活其他蛋白质来阻断药物作用,结果是耐药性白血病细胞很快再生,疾病卷土重来。

Ben-Neriah和他的团队开发的新药就像一枚(爆炸时迸射出许多小炸弹的)集束炸弹,同时攻击几种白血病蛋白,一时间白血病细胞很难激活逃避治疗的其他蛋白。此外,这种单分子药物独立承担起三四种药物的功效,减少了癌症患者暴露于多种疗法的需要,尽可能地绕过了使患者无法忍受的各种副作用。

这种新药的绝杀武器是根除白血病干细胞。长期以来,这些细胞一直是癌症治疗中的巨大挑战,也是科学家们无法治愈急性白血病的主要原因之一。

仅一剂新药,我们竟然看到了如此显著的变化,几乎所有实验小鼠的白血病症状都在一夜之间消失了,” Ben-Neriah教授说。

BioTheryX公司已经购买了该药物的使用权,他们与Ben-Neriah课题组合作正在向FDA申请临床I期研究,相信在不远的将来,治愈白血病这种绝症将不再是奢望。(来源:生物通  伍松)

 

Small Molecules Co-targeting CKIα and the Transcriptional Kinases CDK7/9 Control AML in Preclinical Models

 

Abstract  CKIα ablation induces p53 activation, and CKIα degradation underlies the therapeutic effect of lenalidomide in a pre-leukemia syndrome. Here we describe the development of CKIα inhibitors, which co-target the transcriptional kinases CDK7 and CDK9, thereby augmenting CKIα-induced p53 activation and its anti-leukemic activity. Oncogene-driving super-enhancers (SEs) are highly sensitive to CDK7/9 inhibition. We identified multiple newly gained SEs in primary mouse acute myeloid leukemia (AML) cells and demonstrate that the inhibitors abolish many SEs and preferentially suppress the transcription elongation of SE-driven oncogenes. We show that blocking CKIα together with CDK7 and/or CDK9 synergistically stabilize p53, deprive leukemia cells of survival and proliferation-maintaining SE-driven oncogenes, and induce apoptosis. Leukemia progenitors are selectively eliminated by the inhibitors, explaining their therapeutic efficacy with preserved hematopoiesis and leukemia cure potential; they eradicate leukemia in MLL-AF9 andTet2?/?;Flt3ITDAML mouse models and in several patient-derived AML xenograft models, supporting their potential efficacy in curing human leukemia.

 

原文链接:https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0092867418309735?via%3Dihub

 

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