中科院南京土壤所滕应课题组提出了基于土壤自然微生物群落构建复合微生物组的生物修复策略，并将其用于高分子量多环芳烃污染土壤的生物修复。相关成果日前发表于《整体环境科学》（Science of The Total Environment）杂志。

土壤自然微生物组具有高度的结构复杂性、代谢多样性和抗环境干扰性，因此具有迅速调节自身结构来响应和适应复杂环境变化的能力，从而实现单一菌株难以完成或无法完成的环境功能。同时，土壤自然微生物组是环境生物修复的重要资源，能直接参与持久性有机污染物的降解（如多环芳烃、多氯联苯等）。因此，如何挖掘土壤自然微生物组的环境修复功能，是当前生物修复领域的研究前沿和热点。

滕应课题组将环境功能强的水稻土自然微生物群落引入到功能较弱的红壤中，使不同微生物成员相互接触，通过直接或间接生物信息交流，构建出新的相互作用关系网络（包括微生物之间、微生物与环境之间），从而形成稳态的土壤自然复合微生物组，并显著促进土壤中多环芳烃芘的生物降解。研究结果为多环芳烃污染土壤微生物修复提供了新思路、新方法。（来源：中国科学报）

Effect of mixed soil microbiomes on pyrene removal and the response of the soil microorganisms

Abstract  Mixed soil microbiomes were established by introducing aliquots of a paddy soil into a red soil. The new mixed microbiomes effectively metabolized high-molecular-weight polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs, pyrene) in the soil mixtures. The pyrene removal efficiencies were 19% and 98%, respectively, in the original red soil and the paddy soil. The pyrene removal effectiveness by the mixed microbial community was enhanced by increasing the amount of paddy soil inoculant and the pyrene removal rates were 93%, 58% and 27% in paddy soil/red soil mixtures of 1:1, 3:7 and 1:9 (w/w), respectively. Supplementation with sterile paddy soil and nutrients changed the soil environment but the pyrene removal efficiency was not enhanced, indicating that the microbial composition largely determined the extent of pyrene removal. Moreover, the pyrene removal rate was positively related to the pyrene dioxygenase gene (nidA) abundance. The greater the percentage of the paddy soil in the soil mixture the greater the similarity of the mixed microbiome to that of the original paddy soil itself. The community of the inoculated sterile paddy soil was similar to that of the red soil and the community diverged from those of the red soil and the paddy soil with increasing culture time. After culture for 42？days, some enriched genera were responsible for PAH degradation, notably Nevskia, Ralstonia, Gemmatimonas and Lysobacter, while some genera have no clear classification information or category name at the genus level, such as f__Acidobacteriaceae and o__JG30-KF-AS9. This study is very important in recognizing the role of natural soil in the formation of a mixed microbiome to stimulate the degradation of PAHs in a soil with low intrinsic PAH degradation capability.

原文链接：https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0048969718319417?via%3Dihub