近日，西北农林科技大学植物保护学院康振生团队应《植物病理学年评》杂志编辑部特邀，在其54卷发表题为《禾谷类作物锈菌转主寄主在病害流行和病原菌变异中的作用》综述文章。

据了解，以往学界文献都是引证美国研究团队的结论，即转主寄主在太平洋西北部地区小麦条锈菌的有性生殖与病害流行中不起作用。然而，康振生团队经过多年研究，在国际上首次获得了条锈菌在自然条件下完成有性生殖的直接证据，明确了小麦条锈菌转主寄主小檗的种类及其在我国的地理分布。同时，他们发现，条锈菌有性生殖是我国条锈菌致病性变异的主要途径，并且揭示了我国小麦条锈菌“易变区”的形成原因，为小麦条锈病的持续控制提供了新的策略与途径。

此次撰写的文章在详细介绍上述成果的同时，还展望了转主寄主与锈菌遗传、锈病防控研究的前景，并提出了下一步研究的重点方向。（来源：中国科学报 李晓春 张行勇）

Role of Alternate Hosts in Epidemiology and Pathogen Variation of Cereal Rusts

Abstract  Cereal rusts, caused by obligate and biotrophic fungi in the genus Puccinia, are important diseases that threaten world food security. With the recent discovery of alternate hosts for the stripe rust fungus (Puccinia striiformis), all cereal rust fungi are now known to be heteroecious, requiring two distinct plant species serving as primary or alternate hosts to complete their sexual life cycle. The roles of the alternate hosts in disease epidemiology and pathogen variation vary greatly from species to species and from region to region because of different climatic and cropping conditions. We focus this review on rust fungi of small grains, mainly stripe rust, stem rust, leaf rust, and crown rust of wheat, barley, oat, rye, and triticale, with emphases on the contributions of alternate hosts to the development and management of rust diseases.

原文链接：http://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-phyto-080615-095851